Poverty Maps in Sri Lanka
نویسنده
چکیده
Poverty in Sri Lanka is marked by spatial heterogeneity. The poverty headcount ratio in Colombo District in 2002 (6 percent) was less than a sixth of the ratios in Badulla and Monaragala Districts (37 percent). The regional disparities in the pace of poverty reduction is even more striking. The poverty headcount ratio in Colombo District declined by 10 percentage points between 1990–91 and 2002, while the ratio in Puttalam District rose by almost 10 percentage points during the same period. Further disaggregation would be needed to uncover fully the spatial heterogeneity of poverty in Sri Lanka; there is a widespread perception that many pockets of severe poverty remain or are emerging even in Colombo District. The growing regional inequality and slow poverty reduction are not the results of inaction by the government of Sri Lanka. Indeed, the government has a long history of social welfare programs. The most significant one now is the Samurdhi (prosperity) transfer program. In 2005, the expenditures of the Ministry of Samurdhi amounted to 0.6 percent of the country’s gross domestic product; about 90 percent of this was spent on the transfer program. The issue is therefore not inaction, but rather the identification of ways to improve the targeting of social welfare programs through A C R O N Y M S A N D A B B R E V I A T I O N S
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